Where is the edge?

Where is the edge?

The most budging term in telecom or IT industry today is “EDGE”. In fact there are two notions on the fore one is “edge computing” and other is “fog computing”, both are about bringing the cloud near the point of action. Essentially it’s a cloud computing, a freak of virtualization at front of access.

The need of “edge computing” or “fog computing” has been attributed to “real time” or “low latency” approaches, i.e. process the data at the point or near the point where it is being generated and produce the result for real time action.

Whereas Fog is much on the point of data generation, the edge computing is a centralized or aggregated stuff, at the nearest possible point of access. Therefore fog is much about a flat distributed system but edge is little different through the notion of “edge”.

I don’t want to jump into hardcore technicality with these stuffs, as there would be specifics but essentially it about virtualization at different points in end to end construct. My idea is finding the edge.

“Edge”, as per vendors, is something about hierarchical distribution of certain functionalities in E2E construct. “Edge” is something creates a moat for innovation. I don’t differ with vendors but I feel that edge disrupt the very nature of cloud services too, it’s about providing cloud services with specific needs, different KPIs and SLAs, rather more customized. I am here referring to public cloud as my thought and intention of putting my idea is around that’s only.

So “edge” disrupts the cloud in sense of not only providing a back office or central office work but distribute the work at different level, in terms of SLA and KPIs. Think about the OTT services, the players started them with much turbulence but not only settled but dominated. Edge is in that sense the gate through cloud for many of service creations for small players.

So, don't just confine to architectural adherence from the vendors for creating the edge, there are many possibilities to find your own edge and provide the service.

“A Big idea for small players”

If make sense…….

Talk to us contact@xgnlab.com

www.xgnlab.com

5G Approach, where rubber touches the road - Cloud native VNFs.

5G will eventually require a fully virtualized, software-controlled network in order to automate the complexity of network management and service delivery. Although we’re not there yet, test and proofs-of-concept like Deutsche Telekom and Hewlett Packard Enterprise’s (HPE) work to deploy virtual network functions (VNFs) in a cloud-native shared data environment (SDE) is indicative of the progress toward zero-touch networks.

5G will encompass a huge variety of types of traffic, meaning networks need to be architected for flexibility. The three primary 5G use cases are enhanced mobile broadband, massive machine-type communications and ultra reliable low latency communications. Running the gamut from high-bandwidth activities like virtual reality to low-intensity, intermittent communications from connected sensors.


Sven Langer, DT’s senior core network architect, said the proof-of-concept “allowed a rapid and smooth integration with 3rd-party VNFs” and showed a response time around 1 millisecond,” which “provide[s]an excellent basis for cloud-native network functions to externally store all data, especially dynamic context data that allows seamless failovers and improves the customer experience.

HPE’s Dave Sliter highlight the challenges service providers will face with the move to 5G and the new types of services it enables. “Adoption of 5G technology,” he said, “introduces major operational and financial challenges. HPE Shared Data Environment is an essential enabler for this transformation and reduces these risks.”


get more detail HERE

ETSI whitepaper- MEC in 5G - Somersault into 5G with an edge.

ETSI - MEC in 5G

Artificial Intelligence & Industry 4.0 -

Interesting White paper here from CC.

Is 5G really so hard to break?

5G is not a nut at all like previous Gs. 5G is a re-imagination, paradigm shifts and new vision to accommodate certain advancements on radio and core network technologies, like massive MIMO, SDN/NFV, VNF/Cloud and MEC. 5G is also about upcoming use cases and capability & flexibility provided for them like IOT, Network Slicing or Application defined networking.

By and large it’s an end-to-end overhauling with new instruments to existing networks, which may be of concern for many reason, that need a transformational approach. As VNF and Cloud are most obvious tools to take up the necessary load of new functionality, MEC at the RAN level will be pivotal to discriminate the service logics and catalyze the application specific requirements fulfillment.

The transformation is going to shape-in with the shift in architectural paradigms to more hybrid or heterogeneous approaches and also leveraging the virtualization to accommodate variety of applications and use cases like for massive IOT, public safety, HD  video, mission critical i.e. latency sensitive applications.

Mobile edge computing abbreviated as MEC is about the cloud at edge or may be related to new term called as fog computing which is about putting many of RAN specific functionalities on virtual systems which are adaptive to load and computational requirements. MEC will help to provide right orchestration for VNF kind of architecture need for End to End networking, in term of network operation and performance optimization. MEC is best for the uses cases like for content management networks, latency sensitive applications, massive access management etc.

Virtualization is the kingpin in whole 5G conception as the required flexibility of the systems and network can be provided through it and that help to accommodate the application specific configuration with the term that provide end to end re-construction i.e. it is all about network slicing. Network slicing can also be envisaged as application defined networking that is about ad-hoc re-deployment or re-configuring network in line to the specific application requirements.  As per the 5G specification, this re-deployment time is not in days but in minutes and saying precisely it is 90 minutes only.

Thought to write on 5G again - Allusive or Ellusive?

Thought to write on 5G again, as 5G is still elusive in talk and discussion. 5G is a re-imagination, paradigm shifts and new vision to accommodate certain advancements on radio and core network technologies, like massive MIMO, SDN/NFV, VNF/Cloud and MEC. 5G is also about upcoming use cases and capability & flexibility provided for them like IOT, Network Slicing or Application defined networking.

By and large it’s an end-to-end overhauling with new instruments to existing networks, which may be of concern for many reason, that need a transformational approach. As VNF and Cloud are most obvious tools to take up the necessary load of new functionality, MEC at the RAN level will be pivotal to discriminate the service logics and catalyze the application specific requirements fulfillment.

The transformation is going to shape-in with the shift in architectural paradigms to more hybrid or heterogeneous approaches and also leveraging the virtualization to accommodate variety of applications and use cases like for massive IOT, public safety, HD  video, mission critical i.e. latency sensitive applications.

Mobile edge computing abbreviated as MEC is about the cloud at edge or may be related to new term called as fog computing which is about putting many of RAN specific functionalities on virtual systems which are adaptive to load and computational requirements. MEC will help to provide right orchestration for VNF kind of architecture need for End to End networking, in term of network operation and performance optimization. MEC is best for the uses cases like for content management networks, latency sensitive applications, massive access management etc.

Virtualization is the kingpin in whole 5G conception as the required flexibility of the systems and network can be provided through it and that help to accommodate the application specific configuration with the term that provide end to end re-construction i.e. it is all about network slicing. Network slicing can also be envisaged as application defined networking that is about ad-hoc re-deployment or re-configuring network in line to the specific application requirements.  As per the 5G specification, this re-deployment time is not in days but in minutes and saying precisely it is 90 minutes only.

AI - Artificial Intelligence, Whitepaper on its footfalls.

Artificial Intelligence

Operational Imperatives for 5G - A Report from TM Forum

Operational Imperatives for 5G - A Report from TM Forum

FCC ESTABLISHES PROCEDURES FOR FIRST 5G SPECTRUM AUCTIONS

 

FCC ESTABLISHES PROCEDURES FOR FIRST

5G SPECTRUM AUCTIONS

28 GHz Auction Scheduled to Commence on November 14

  --

WASHINGTON, August 2, 2018—Today, the Federal Communications Commission established the application and bidding procedures for the upcoming Spectrum Frontiers auctions of Upper Microwave Flexible Use Service licenses in the 28 GHz (27.5-28.35 GHz) and 24 GHz (24.25-24.45, 24.75-25.25 GHz) bands. 

 

This Public Notice announces auction procedures to speed the deployment of 5G services in these bands.  The Commission will offer the 28 GHz and 24 GHz band licenses through two auctions with separate application and bidding processes for each auction.  The application windows will run concurrently.  The bidding for the 28 GHz UMFUS licenses (Auction 101) will commence on November 14, 2018, and the bidding for the 24 GHz licenses (Auction 102) will commence after the bidding concludes in Auction 101.  These two auctions will use different bidding formats to accommodate differences in the characteristics of the licenses in the two bands:

 

·         Auction 101:  The auction of the licenses in the 28 GHz band will employ the standard simultaneous multiple round auction format.  The 28 GHz licenses will be offered in two 425 megahertz blocks by county.

·         Auction 102:  The auction of the licenses in the 24 GHz band will employ a clock auction format, beginning with a clock phase that will allow bidding on generic blocks in each Partial Economic Area in successive bidding rounds.  There will then be an assignment phase to allow winners of the generic blocks to bid for frequency-specific license assignments.  The 24 GHz licenses will be offered in seven 100 megahertz blocks. 

The Public Notice further announces that certain auction rules, such as the prohibition on certain communications, will apply across both auctions.  In addition, the Public Notice adopts bidding credit caps for these auctions of $25 million for small businesses and $10 million for rural service providers.

                                

By establishing these auction procedures, the Commission furthers its efforts to ensure continued American leadership in wireless broadband, which is a critical component of economic growth, job creation, public safety, and global competitiveness.

 

Action by the Commission August 2, 2018 by Public Notice (FCC 18-109).  Chairman Pai, Commissioners O'Rielly, Carr, and Rosenworcel approving and issuing separate statements.

Statement of FCC Chairman Ajit Pai

"Today, we take another crucial step toward satisfying the ever-increasing demand for more spectrum and solidifying American leadership in 5G, the next generation of wireless connectivity.  Specifically, we finalize the procedures for two spectrum auctions.  The 28 GHz band auction will begin on November 14, and soon after its conclusion, the 24 GHz band auction will commence.  The 1.55 gigahertz of spectrum in these two high bands will be critical in deploying 5G wireless, Internet of Things, and other advanced spectrum-based services. 

Maintaining leadership in wireless technologies is critical for our country; it will boost economic growth, job creation, and our global competitiveness.  And given that the world is going wireless, it will dramatically improve the consumer experience, including in ways we can't today anticipate. 

With the auction procedures we adopt today, we seek to promote competitive bidding, make it easier for applicants to participate, and assign high-band spectrum licenses as efficiently as possible.  All of this will enable the Commission to get this valuable spectrum into the marketplace and put it to its highest valued use. 

This is the latest in a long line of FCC efforts to make high-band spectrum available for flexible wireless use—efforts like the 2017 and 2018 Spectrum Frontiers Orders.  And we're not stopping with these two auctions.  In the second half of 2019, we intend to hold an auction of three more millimeter-wave spectrum bands: 37 GHz, 39 GHz, and 47 GHz.  Between that auction and the auctions for which we establish procedures today, we'll push almost 5 gigahertz of spectrum into the commercial marketplace over the course of the next seventeen months.  We're also reforming our wireless infrastructure rules to ensure that the small-cell and fiber-based networks of the future can be built, for all the 5G spectrum in the world is pointless without 5G networks to make use of it.  These are the kinds of aggressive actions we need to take to promote innovation, investment, and United States leadership in 5G.

Many thanks to the staff who have contributed to this complicated item.  From the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau: Erik Beith, Craig Bomberger, Steve Buenzow, Jonathan Campbell, Chas Eberle, Katie Hinton, Bill Huber, Angela Kung, Gary Michaels, Erik Salovaara, Linda Sanderson, John Schauble, Blaise Scinto, Martha Stancill, Joel Taubenblatt, and Margaret Wiener; from the International Bureau: Kim Cook, David Krech, and Susan O'Connell; Gail Glasser from the Office of the Managing Director; and from the Office of General Counsel: David Horowitz, Bill Richardson, and Anjali Singh."

Huawei is ready for large-scale 5G rollout--Huawei on E2E 5G solution for vertical industries through network slicing alliances.

Huawei is ready for large-scale 5G rollout. 

Focusing on enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services, we completed the world's first interoperability test of 3GPP R15-based commercial products and we've been working with world-leading operators on large-scale 5G verification tests in commercial environments 

Our 5G E2E products and solutions cover the core network, bearer network, base stations, and terminals. Huawei's 5G core network solution is designed with all-cloud architecture, with software architecture based on microservices. The solution can simultaneously support 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G, and enable smooth evolution in non-standalone (NSA) and standalone (SA) scenarios. Its flexible, distributed network architecture applies control plane and user plane separation (CUPS), helping operators deploy the control plane in a central data center and flexibly choose the deployment location for the user plane according to the service scenario.

The all-cloud 5G core network provides the basis of network slicing, which will enable operators to offer various services on a single network and transform their businesses from the mass market to the vertical industry market.

Huawei's X-Haul 5G bearer solution supports multiple technologies, including IPRAN, PTN, OTN, and microwave, covering active to passive and 5G microwave to IP bearer networks. To meet 5G network capacity requirements and help operators solve the challenges large-scale 5G deployment will bring for mobile bearer networks, Huawei has launched a 5G bearer product portfolio that suits various scenarios, media, and forms. The portfolio includes a series of 5G microwave products for backhaul scenarios that can provide 10-Gbps bandwidth and 25-ms latency on traditional microwave frequency bands; a 50 GE/100 GE adaptive slicing solution that supports smooth evolution from 10 GE to 50 GE and 100 GE for on-demand gradual deployment; an active FO OTN fronthaul solution that supports up to 15 channels of service access, lossless switching, and integrated access for multiple services; and a centralized WDM fronthaul solution that uses a colorless optical module to simplify site delivery and O&M.

Huawei provides a range of base station products covering all site forms, including tower sites, pole sites, and small cells. Diverse site forms are required to meet the needs of complex deployment scenarios, provide continuous coverage, and satisfy capacity requirements for indoor and outdoor hotspots.

The first wave of 5G deployment will take place in buildings and densely populated urban areas. Huawei's C-band 64T64R and 32T32R Massive MIMO AAU both support 200 MHz large bandwidth and 3D beamforming. This allows for the flexible and accurate control of cell coverage radius. The vertical plane improves coverage for tall buildings, while the horizontal plane enhances coverage at near points and far points horizontally in buildings, enhancing cell capacity and user experience.

Huawei's mmWave products support 1 GHz bandwidth, with antenna port equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) hitting 65 dBm, the highest in the industry.

Huawei's wireless products are integrated, compact, and light. They slash space requirements on the antenna installation platform and reduce installation complexity. The fronthaul optical interface speed for the hardware is less than 25 Gbps, reducing transmission requirements, which is ideal for large-scale 5G deployment.

Huawei's base station products support both distributed and centralized deployment. BBU5900, which is for distributed sites, is the most integrated site solution currently available in the industry. It supports all RATs (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G) and all frequency bands, and offers 50 Gbps backhaul capabilities, which meets the long-term development needs of 5G services. CBU5900, which is for centralized sites, requires many BBUs to support C-RAN (Centralized RAN) architecture, simplifying remote sites, reducing the need for equipment rooms, and contributing to quick satellite clock synchronization across the entire network. This approach reduces the number of site visits during maintenance and installation, allowing sites to be added on demand, greatly reducing future site construction and maintenance costs. Centralized site deployment also enhances the edge user experience and the performance of the entire network through large-scale site coordination.

Huawei's new compact 5G Massive MIMO 5G C-band and mmWave products can be deployed on streetlamp poles to fill coverage holes and boost hotspot capacity. Huawei has also launched 5G LampSite, an indoor 5G small base station product. The solution is backwards-compatible with 4G and harnesses existing CAT6A network wires or optical cables to achieve indoor 4G and 5G co-deployment with zero cable adjustment or site addition. 5G LampSite is the industry's first multi-frequency integrated indoor small base station that supports both 5G and LTE.

On the device side, Huawei has invested heavily in developing 5G chipsets and customer premise equipment (CPE) to help operators achieve first-mover advantages in the 5G market. Huawei released its Balong 5G01 5G chipset, the industry's first commercial 5G device chipset that supports the 3GPP standard. It supports all the main 5G frequency bands, including sub-6 GHz and mmWave, provides Gbps-level data downlink speeds, and supports NSA and SA networking.

Huawei's 5G CPE is based on 3GPP standards and chipset architecture. Compact with low power demands, it's currently the only miniaturized 5G commercial terminal. In Seoul and Canada, we've seen the first batch of users of 5G CPE. In 2019, Huawei plans to launch 5G mobile phone chips and a 5G smartphone.

Following the advancement of standards in addition to the completion of key technologies and system verifications, Huawei has carried out large-scale engineering and performance verifications in real-world field environments to prepare for 5G commercial application. Using its leading 5G products and solutions, Huawei has already deployed large-scale 5G networks in more than 10 countries, including China, South Korea, Canada, Germany, the UK, and Italy. In typical densely populated urban areas, these products and solutions provide ubiquitous Gbps-level access rates, indoor access rates of hundreds of Mbps, and over 20 Gbps of user peak rates.

Huawei is committed to promoting 5G in vertical industries and plans to set up a 5G slicing alliance with industry partners. Huawei and Telefonica achieved the world's first PoC of 5G ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) for connected vehicles. 

The widespread adoption of Ultra HD video will be a defining feature of the 5G era. Interactive live broadcasts will become a new social entertainment experience that will exponentially increase requirements on network bandwidth. To drive the commercial adoption of 3GPP R15-based eMBB services, Huawei has been exploring services such as multi-channel Ultra HD video, VR, and 360-degree live broadcasts over a 5G network, and carried out a number of on-site demonstrations of these services at MWC 2018. We're actively seeking to innovate in areas that integrate technology, industry, and services for the 3GPP R16 standards for 5G.

Huawei and TPCAST performed the first PoC of CG Cloud VR. Huawei Wireless X Labs set up the Cloud VR/AR special interest group (SIG) with a number of partners to jointly conduct 5G pre-commercial field testing to promote the development of the 5G Cloud VR industry and transform concept into commercial reality.

Huawei's Digital Sky Initiative has now moved a step closer to implementation. Huawei and the Civil Aviation Administration of China have completed low-altitude network testing and are promoting safety standards for connected drones.

On the smart factory side, Huawei has conducted several 5G verifications and demonstrations. Cloud and wireless connectivity are key technologies for smart factories. The increasing wireless nature of manufacturing equipment will make modularized production and flexible manufacturing in factories possible and slash maintenance costs. High uplink rates will help industrial vision systems analyze and locate issues in real time. The high-reliability and low-latency capabilities of 5G networks will enable high-precision synchronization between robots so they can work and coordinate seamlessly.

Huawei was a major member in setting up a special interest group for wireless connected healthcare, jointly publishing a white paper on the topic, a first in the industry. Huawei has worked with industry partners to build remote B-scan ultrasonography robots, providing real-time, reliable wireless connections for remote control, image acquisition, and diagnostic data for the robots.

Huawei is leading the way to 5G. We're not only dedicated to helping operators build the best 5G networks, but we will also work with industry partners around the globe to help operators achieve commercial success in 5G, explore innovative applications, and work together towards a fully connected, intelligent world.

Download full Text From Huawei     

--

Saurabh Verma

Chief Tech Consultant & Founder

Fundarc Communication (xgnlab)

Noida, India - 201301

M:+91-7838962939/9654235169

saurabhverma@xgnlab.com

www.xgnlab.com

Arista announces the acquisition of mojo networks

mail from mojo below...... Dear Mojo customers and partners,   I have some exciting news that I am pleased to share with you. Arista Networks (NYSE:ANET), an industry leader in software driven cloud networking solutions for large datacenter and computing environments, today announced that it acquired Mojo Networks, an inventor of Cognitive WiFi and a leader in cloud-managed wireless networking.             Earlier this year, Arista announced cognitive cloud networking, designed to address transitional changes as enterprises move to IoT (Internet of things) ready campuses. Designed to bring operational consistency and modern cloud principles to the enterprise campus, Arista extends this architecture with the addition of Mojo Networks by providing secure, high performance cognitive WiFi at cloud scale.             The team at Mojo looks forward to working with the Arista team to deliver secure, scalable modern WiFi for next generation of campus networking. Mojo's WiFi has been disrupting the traditional closed wireless controller model to bring radical improvements in scale and economics. Our recent positioning as a Visionary in the Gartner 2018 Magic Quadrant for the Wired and Wireless LAN Access validates the remarkable technology we developed.   Arista Perspective The Arista team is very enthusiastic and believes synergy between the two companies is a compelling combination for enterprise and campus customers. "We are excited about Arista's first acquisition transaction and its significance to Arista's campus vision with cognitive WiFi offerings. We welcome the Mojo Networks employees to the Arista family" stated President and CEO of Arista Networks Jayshree Ullal. For further details see https://www.arista.com/en/company/news/press-release/5717-pr-20180802   In terms of day-to-day business with our valued customers and partners, there will be no immediate or radical changes. As Mojo becomes part of Arista, we will be integrating our sales and partner personnel into Arista. You may be introduced to some new people that will support you going forward. If any of these personnel changes affect you, we will let you know the details very soon or please contact us at sales@mojonetworks.com.   Best Regards, the Mojo Networks team

MAEC Live demo from Radisys

Is WiFi, 5G?

Many hardcore WiFi evangelist seems to be in cribbing moods while associating WiFi with 5G. Or may be they want to hijack the buzz around 5G for wifi in this way, as WiFi has taken its own stride silently.  WiFi is not 5G, damn clear is this fact, more than that only 5G NR is not 5G. WiFi is altogether different ecosystem, standards development etc. WiFi has been always relevant and deeply rooted in terms of internet access, also has got significant improvements in standards coping with time, 802.11 n, ac , ax. 5G emerged as utopian kind mobile technology, providing things what the different application want, with necessary capacity and efficiency. Therefore 5G comprises all the advancement in technological space, in computing and communication, like MIMO, Cloud, MEC, SDN, VNF etc. WiFi is one candidate there but a major one (complimentary) with advancement of 802.11ax, to achieve 5G objectives.

Infact we must understand that first standards of 5G through 3GPP release 15 was on 'Non Stand Alone', so called NSA mode. That's about taking 5G NR as associated radio in LTE control network. In true sense on LTE network with a data pipe of NR, Same could be done with any other radio, whether it be WiFi.

WiFi is much mature than NR, which is there taken for FWS only, WiFi has been there since ages as a synonyms of internet connectivity. So where comes a data pipe requirement WiFi is sufficient for multiple or many applications.

Also 5G is about use cases, a technology that will cater almost all the industry for connectivity point of view so akin to accommodate almost all the relevant radio technologies of caliber, we all are aware of some thing called network slicing, WiFi lies on prominent place there.

WiFi essentially a complimentary technology, in light of 5G, and to utter surprise it will be more prominent in 'Stand Alone", so called SA mode of 5G, where LTE will be out and it will be pure 5G network with SOA architectured 5G Core.