ZTE FlexE : single-hop device forwarding latency is less than 0.5 microseconds and the jitter is less than 30 nanoseconds, with 69 reliability laying a foundation for ultra-low-latency service transport.

ZTE released the white paper "Meeting 5G Transport Requirements With FlexE" along with the consulting firm Heavy Reading.

Based on the new trends of the 5G network architecture and the new requirements for the transport network, the white paper focuses on the key role of the innovative FlexE-based technology in the new service transport.

The white paper introduces the goals, values and key technologies of the 5G transport network solution, and provides comprehensive technical support and advice on the construction of future-oriented high-value transport networks.

The white paper elaborates four major technical features of the 5G transport solution. First, the FlexE channel technology supports on-demand bandwidth provision. It adopts large-port bonding to expand network capacity on demand, effectively solving the problems of bandwidth upgrade resulting from 5G development so that 100GE bandwidth can meet the needs of early 5G services. By virtue of FlexE bonding, the bandwidth can be upgraded to beyond-100GE by simply expanding the capacity of several 100GE ports. It simplifies network adjustment while effectively making use of initial investments.

Second, the 5G transport network solution enables ultra-low latency and ultra-stable jitter forwarding. The FlexE time slot cross-connection technology allows the user service traffic forwarding based on the physical layer so that the user packet is not required to be parsed in the network intermediate node, and the service traffic forwarding can be completed in real time. As a consequence, the single-hop device forwarding latency is less than 0.5 microseconds and the jitter is less than 30 nanoseconds, laying a foundation for ultra-low-latency service transport.

Third, the FlexE channel technology can guarantee ultra-high network reliability. By extending OAM, FlexE Channel provides with the FlexE channel-layer protection, greatly improving the reliability of customer service transport. In case of a fault, the protection switching can be completed within 1ms, enabling the entire network to reach the 99.9999% industry-level reliability.

Fourth, the FlexE channel technology supports FlexE-based flexible network slicing. By virtue of the end-to-end slicing based on FlexE and FlexE Channel, the network features both TDM-like exclusive bandwidth and physical isolation while supporting Ethernet statistical multiplexing. Therefore, it allows slice forwarding separation, management separation, fault separation and protocol separation, ensuring the deployment of 5G differentiated services.

"Operators must address many challenges to meet the unique demands of coming 5G application scenarios, and the transport network will be essential to the large-scale 5G deployments. As a viable 5G transport solution, FlexE is gaining interest and attention of operators, and the new FlexE time-slot cross-connection technology is likely to be an efficient solution for hard network slicing," said Sterling Perrin, Principal Analyst of Heavy Reading.

By proposing a layered network architecture based on FlexE, ZTE lays a solid foundation for the research of 5G transport technology standards. The architecture has been widely recognized by the industry, making a significant contribution to ITU-T G.mtn. Moreover, ZTE's 5G Flexhaul solution has been verified by several operators in China, Spain and other countries.

The following is the link to access the full white paper "Meeting 5G Transport Requirements With FlexE": 
http://www.heavyreading.com/lg_landing.asp?piddl_lgid_docid=228757

Will 6G Explore Quantum Communication?

#Quantum #physics is entering into #computing and #communication technolgies and future is deemed to be dominated by it.

At #CES19 , #Boingo CTO Mr #DerekPeterson emphasized on Quantum communication for next gen technology like 6G ( as per RCRWireless). Industry is focusing on quantum computing, but there were always many paradoxical issues around quantum physics since the inceptions, now days the concepts under discussion are quantum superposition and quantum entanglement.

In normal view both are magical things, and under the purview of both concepts, if i give you a quantum computer, will you be willing to use it for your business? as there would be a mirror of that running somewhere else too. That is quantum entanglement, i.e. what ever play you run on your computer, there is same available to other in non causal imprints (i.e. no chance of error).

Second thing the quantum communication have no media. As two separate entities, however distant they are, actually One. It means if you find one (or bring out one out of quantum superposition) you already found other, means it preclude all aspects of being found again for other (non causal), as it has oneness with one and only has an opposite face (only way to apply causality is to see them with oneness).

This all seems to be paradoxical to current standards and concepts of communication and computing, as computing is about causality and communication is transmission of information, a medium for causality.

This causality comes with quantum superposition collapse to certain state, where quantum computing will maintain it, but if communication is based on quantum entanglement causality principle not hold, and to hold it theories of 'hidden variable' kind appears, i.e. no media but hidden information for causality that goes along with the entanglement.

Einstein was adamant on causality and supported 'hidden variables' theories, also goes further that quantum theory in itself is incomplete.

its not my area to address this subject here, but as per my little understanding, quantum communication (being of entanglement) is not a communication at all, no media therefore no media synchronization, same clock at both end, no error of data, no re-transmission, no acknowledgement. The speed of transmission is speed of computation.

Verizon meticulous stand on 5G. A write up from its CTO Mr Kyle malady

Everything is about to change.  Breakthroughs in connectivity, artificial intelligence, robotics, virtual reality, augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, wearables and the Internet of Things (IoT) will all impact our lives in ways we can't imagine. Underpinning these technological advancements is 5G.

The potential for 5G is awesome, but the potential to over-hype and under-deliver on the 5G promise is a temptation that the wireless industry must resist. If network providers, equipment manufacturers, handset makers, app developers and others in the wireless ecosystem engage in behavior designed to purposefully confuse consumers, public officials and the investment community about what 5G really is, we risk alienating the very people we want most to join in developing and harnessing this exciting new technology.

That's why we're calling on the broad wireless industry to commit to labeling something 5G only if new device hardware is connecting to the network using new radio technology to deliver new capabilities. Verizon is making this commitment today: We won't take an old phone and just change the software to turn the 4 in the status bar into a 5. We will not call our 4G network a 5G network if customers don't experience a performance or capability upgrade that only 5G can deliver.

Doing so would break an enduring and simple promise we've made to our customers: That each new wireless generation makes new things possible.

It is this belief that led us to bring together key device, chip and network equipment manufacturing partners to create the 5G Technology Forum with the goal of developing global 5G standards more quickly. The result was a commercial 5G offering a full two years ahead of original estimates. It's why we committed to build the first 5G Ultra Wideband network. It is the reason we opened 5G Labs to support entrepreneurs and innovators as they build the 5G applications that will change how we live, work and play. And it's the motivating factor behind our sponsorship of 5G development challenges focused on education, public safety, robotics and other critical areas where 5G can impact lives today and tomorrow.

We lead by example. And we challenge our competitors, vendors and partners to join us. People need a clear, consistent and simple understanding of 5G so they are able to compare services, plans and products, without having to maneuver through marketing double-speak or technical specifications.

Our industry knows 5G will change the world. Let's uphold that promise, while maintaining our integrity. The success of the 5G technological revolution must be measured in truth and fact, not marketing hype.

3GPP focusing on NR-U Stand Alone and Assisted - Target Rel 17-18

We seen 3GPP attempts to ride on unlicensed horse with LTE-U, that later tuned into LAA ( a licensed assisted mechanism), with LTE advanced capabilities. An we are continuously observing the cellular technology providers trying to tame the this horse in their favor - the unlicensed. There had been a hostile atmosphere for WiFi and LTE coexistence between WiFi Alliance and GSMA, and we seen rude debated for standardizing respective test cases. I don't remember where the things standing now. 

But WiFi has maintained its solid sovereignty and emerged with its new versions recently named as WiFi 6, in such a capacity that many started assuming WiFi being a part of 5G itself, though we all know its ride on different horse. 

Taming this unlicensed is turning into an obsession, as WiFi with its advancement and likability may cover up a significant market in broadband space and IOT use cases. 3GPP don't want to brook it, in fact cellular technology provider knows about the ride of it so putting the new rider like NR-U SA, targeted to be in Rel 17 and 18. 

In a plenary meeting in Sorrento, Italy, 3GPP members approved making 5G NR-U a work item slated for inclusion in Release 16.

Look at the Blog from Qualcomm, what is says in general about NR-U.

Licensed spectrum is essential for cellular communication and that will continue in the 5G era especially for the traditional mobile broadband services launching next year. But when it comes to extending 5G into new markets, I think the opportunities generated by adding support for unlicensed spectrum cannot be overstated.

The NR-U work item that was just approved by 3GPP supports both the existing 5GHz unlicensed band as well as the new "greenfield" 6GHz unlicensed band. In subsequent releases, I expect the addition of other unlicensed and shared spectrum bands, including mmWave. The work item covers five scenarios with functionalities such as Carrier Aggregation (within one eNodeB), dual connectivity (across two eNodeBs), LTE anchor in licensed spectrum, 5G NR anchor in licensed spectrum, uplink only in licensed spectrum, downlink only in unlicensed spectrum as well as stand-alone operation. For the purpose of simplicity, I am collapsing these scenarios into two main modes of operation:

• Licensed assisted access NR-U
  
• Stand-alone NR-U
  

Qualcomm has been not very explicit to say it as counterfeit for WiFi but putting it as answer to LTE multifire. 

whatever way you take your target is well understood. But it will be leading to an interesting spree of events, debates and discussions. 

Partnership- The 5G Infrastructure Association (5G IA) and the Alliance for Internet of Things Innovation (AIOTI) have agreed to explore topics of common interest.

5G IA and AIOTI have signed a ground-breaking memorandum of understanding (MoU) at the ICT-2018 conference in Vienna. This partnership will set the scene for exploring the opportunities for new combinations of IoT applications built on world-class digital infrastructures.

get in details HERE

City Wi-Fi Roaming Project connects the networks of major cities around the world.

WBA has organized the City Wi-Fi Roaming trial under the World Wi-Fi Day initiatives across many cities since 2016. The City Wi-Fi Roaming project is part of the World Wi-Fi Day initiative to accelerate affordable wireless connectivity around the world. The initiative allows consumers and visitors of major cities to automatically and securely roam between the public Wi-Fi networks throughout the October and November 2018.

Expand with the momentum from last year, it is possible for users of Public Wi-Fi City networks , subscribers from a large list of operators to freely roam between these City Wi-Fi networks. The cities include: Barcelona (Spain), Dublin (Ireland), Dunlaoghaire (Ireland), Galway (Ireland), Limerick (Ireland), Bristol (UK), Leeds (UK), Birmingham (UK), Bradford (UK), Moscow (Russia), St Petersburg (Russia), Tokyo (Japan), Ebetsu city (Japan), Hokkaido (Japan),  Mallorca (Spain), Nagano prefecture (Japan), Kyoto (Japan), Kobe (Japan), eduroam Japan / Tohoku University + Sendai, eduroam NL / Utrecht (Netherlands), eduroam NO / Trondheim (Norway), anyroam, eduroam US, Toronto (Canada)

Operators around the world include: AT&T, AnyRoamUS, Boingo, China Mobile, ER Telecom Russia, FON, iPASS, Orange, KT, NTT DOCOMO, Shaw, KT, Sprint, Telus, T-Mobile US, eduroam JP Tohoku University, eduroam NL / SURFnet, eduroam NO / UNINETT, eduroam US

Interconnectivity Partners & Infrastructure Providers: BSG Wireless, Syniverse Technologies, Global Reach, Accuris Networks, Cisco, Ruckus Wireless

The Wireless Broadband Alliance is encouraging cities, government bodies, fixed and mobile operators, technology vendors, Internet giants and service providers, as well as retailers, to come together to deliver connectivity to everyone, everywhere. The City Wi-Fi Roaming trial aims promoting and fostering the adoption of Next Generation Hotspot across the globe, working together with multiple cities around the world, key HUBs that make the data traffic possible, and also a set of operators.

Contact WBA (www.wballiance.com) now if you want to get involved the program: https://www.worldwifiday.com/support/

EC- 5G market deployment on horizon

News worth to be in focus for all strategist on 5G. AT&T Cell-Site routers are gong to be in their 5G plan.

AT&T says its cell-site white box routers are in a large-scale production test carrying live network traffic. "This is a first for us, and we believe a first for the industry," said Andre Fuetsch, CTO at AT&T. "Next year, we're going to start installing these routers in several thousand towers. We think this approach will help support and accelerate the mobile 5G era."

These Trouters will be installed at cell towers in AT&T's wireless network, where they will direct the data traffic flowing back and forth between customers and the internet. Traditionally, AT&T used to  bought these routers from a handful of vendors, which were highly specialized and came with specialized software. Now  AT&T designing its own open hardware to create white box routers that would run open source software. In March, the company announced plans to install more than 60,000 open source, software-powered white boxes across its network over the next several years in support of its 5G plans.

Around the same time, the operator contributed its disaggregated network operating system to the Linux Foundation as part of the DANOS open source project. DANOS is the operating system that runs on these white box routers. Some of the DANOS code originally came from AT&T's purchase of the Vyatta assets from Brocade.AT&T's white box top-of-rack switches, which the company first announced in 2017, are being used in AT&T's Network Cloud, "which will basically be powering 5G.

AT&T also also relying on its linux foundation driven ONAP platform, for orchestrating this all.

Above all we at Fundarc Communication (xgnlab) sees it as a long term and large scale plan from AT&T, also sense AT&T bid for 5G Convergence. 

Convergence is at the heart of next gen network with 5G - BT, AT&T, ZTE, WBA all there.

As Fundarc Communication (xgnlab), a telecom consultancy, we already spoken about 5G convergence since the beginning of 2018 or even late 2017. Not only as foreseen visionary but as the need of time and way to evelove to 5G from 4G and 4G adv. We already started writing on these line since then ....

https://fundarc-comm.xgnlab.com/2018/02/lsc-large-scale-convergence-5g-way.html

or 

https://www.netmanias.com/en/?m=view&id=blog&no=13199 

We written on this as whitepaper and recently came with latest one with rationals behinds 5G Convergence and need of time approaches. 

Get it at WhitePaper tab at www.xgnlab.com 

Going with Convergence or what we like to refer as "Large Scale Convergence", We recently seen much of industry interest.

Lets take the case of BT....

BT will put 5G at the heart of its fully converged smart network, when it launches the next generation technology next year, according to the company's chief technology officer, Howard Watson.   

"We've learned that 5G might not follow the same path as 4G but that's OK - it doesn't need to," he said.

"As CTO of BT, my job is not to build 5G or 4G networks. It's not even to build WiFi or fixed line networks. These technologies are building blocks that we use to create something much bigger than the sum of its parts. 

"We are building a truly hybrid, converged network that aspires to give customers 100 per cent connectivity coverage." 

When it is launched, BT's Smart Hybrid Network will utilise the comapny's 4G, 5G, Wifi and fixed line networks to provide its customers with near ubiquitous connectivity.   

The Smart Network will automatically connect to the fastest, most stable connection available, delivering a seamless, connected experience to the customer. 

"To achieve this we need to update our Wifi estate. We will alos look at ways to remove the barriers that exist for Wifi networks - namely the need to manually log on to them." 

BT expects to launch its Smart Hybrid Network in 2022. 

We All know ZTE Convergent Core for 5G networks, and AT&T focus on Convergence taking WiFi in line with 5G. WBA is already writing about 5G Convergence, that is also being interpreted as AT&T and BT focus on converged 5G network.

Also most interesting that WiFi is also willing to enter into it through convergence, as at the beginning of the year and also in subsequent discussion Boingo has also persuaded it strongly. I remember when in a discussion Boingo CTO Mr Derek has spoken "Beware…convergence is the future! Ubiquitous 5G is not economically practical without coexistence between licensed, unlicensed and shared. Mobile connectivity is no longer a device, it's a lifestyle so we must embrace converged solutions that leverage multiple bands and technologies".

Views are from fundarc Communications (xgnlab), www.xgnlab.com

Forrester New Wave Enterprise Container Platform Software Suits Q4 2018